Market Manipulation. Search

SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC (paid crypto market making, 2025)

Judgment entered

Machine-extracted, pending human review. The structured fields on this page were parsed automatically from the regulator's own release, linked below. Read the primary document before relying on any figure here, and tell us if something is wrong.

In 2025, the Securities and Exchange Commission obtained a judgment against CLS Global FZC LLC, alleging conduct this library classifies as paid crypto market making. The release records a civil penalty of $425,000, disgorgement of $3,000. A parallel criminal matter is referenced in the release.

The record

Structured fields for this action, as recorded in our case library.
Agency SEC
Release number LR-26287
Date filed 2025-04-17
Date resolved 2025-04-17
Court U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts
Status judgment
Criminal parallel Yes
Defendants CLS Global FZC LLC (entity)
Techniques Paid crypto market making

What was ordered

Civil penalty
$425k
Disgorgement
$3k
Prejudgment interest
Total relief
$428k
Alleged gain

A dash means the release did not state a figure we could extract, not that the figure is zero. Penalty and disgorgement are stored separately so aggregates across the library do not double-count the same dollars.

What is alleged to have happened

the Securities and Exchange Commission announced this matter on April 17, 2025 as release LR-26287. The respondents named are CLS Global FZC LLC (0 individuals, 1 entity). The action was brought in the U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts.

This library tags the matter as paid crypto market making, based on the conduct the regulator describes. Each tag links to a page explaining how that technique works, what statute it engages, and what penalties comparable actions have attracted. The tagging is ours, not the regulator's: agencies charge statutory provisions, not technique names.

The relief recorded in our data is a civil monetary penalty of $425,000, disgorgement of $3,000. Penalty and disgorgement are distinct: disgorgement returns the gain, while the penalty is punitive. We store them separately so that aggregate figures across the library are not double-counted.

The release references a parallel criminal proceeding. Where a criminal case exists, the civil and criminal outcomes are recorded separately, because they resolve on different standards of proof.

For the regulator's own account of the facts, read the primary document linked above. This page deliberately summarises the structured record rather than reproducing the release.

What technique is this, and how does it work?

This action is tagged with one technique in our taxonomy. The tagging is ours: regulators charge statutory provisions, not technique names, so the mapping is an editorial judgement described in our editorial policy.

Timeline

  1. 2025-04-17 Litigation release published

Primary documents

Everything on this page derives from the documents below. Where our summary and the primary document disagree, the primary document is right.

The linked release is a work of the United States government and is not subject to copyright. Our summary and narrative above are our own writing.

Same matter

The library links these 2 records because they appear to concern one matter: the same lead defendant, an overlapping technique tag and close filing dates, or a shared court docket or a release that cites the other. Records are listed by date filed.

Date filed Agency Record Status
2024-10-09 SEC SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC and Andrey Zhorzhes (paid crypto market making, 2024) Status unknown
2025-04-17 SEC SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC (paid crypto market making, 2025)(this record) Judgment entered

This grouping is the library's, made by matching names, techniques, dates and citations when the site is built. It is not the regulator's or a court's determination that the records are one case, and it errs towards missing a link rather than making a false one.

Other actions in the library sharing at least one technique tag with this one.

Action Agency Filed Technique Penalty Status
SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2026) SEC 2026-08-03 Paid Crypto Market Making , Wash Trading judgment
SEC v. Gotbit Consulting LLC a/k/a Gotbit Hedge Fund and Fedor Kedrov (paid crypto market making, 2024) SEC 2024-10-09 Paid Crypto Market Making , Wash Trading unknown
SEC v. ZM Quant Investment Ltd., Baijun Ou a/k/a Eric Ou, and Ruiqi Lau a/k/a Ricky Liu (paid crypto market making, 2024) SEC 2024-10-09 Paid Crypto Market Making , Wash Trading unknown
SEC v. CLS Global FZC LLC and Andrey Zhorzhes (paid crypto market making, 2024) SEC 2024-10-09 Paid Crypto Market Making unknown
SEC v. Russell Armand, Maxwell Hernandez, Manpreet Singh Kohli, and Nam Tran (paid crypto market making, 2024) SEC 2024-10-09 Paid Crypto Market Making settled
SEC v. Vy Pham (paid crypto market making, 2024) SEC 2024-10-09 Paid Crypto Market Making settled

Record added September 20, 2026. submit a correction.