Equities remain the largest single category in every year of this data, but the share of actions touching digital assets has grown from negligible to a substantial minority, and a growing number of actions are tagged with more than one asset class.
Which asset classes manipulation enforcement has concentrated on, by year.
How this was calculated
Asset classes are assigned by keyword matching against the regulator’s own release text. An action can carry several asset classes and is counted in each, so the lines do not sum to the total number of actions.
What this chart does not show
Lines do not sum to total actions, because one action can touch several asset classes.
Keyword classification is imperfect. An action that discusses futures in passing may be tagged as futures.
The apparent growth in any category partly reflects the regulator’s vocabulary changing over time, not only the market changing.
Source
Computed from this site's own case library, which is compiled from the primary releases of the issuing regulators. Regenerated on every build, so the figures move as cases are added.
Regenerated 2026-10-16
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The data
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